Gāruḍam

“First study of Tantric snakebite medicine in South Asia from lost Sanskrit palm-leaf manuscripts discovered in Nepal.” A very valuable project by Michael Slouber.

Ag > Ack > Grep

“A code-searching tool similar to ack, but faster.” I am pleasantly surprised how much faster this actually is (thanks to the Boyer–Moore–Horspool algorithm).

The making of a Mahant

The making of a Mahant.

Sāṃrājyalakṣmīpīṭhikā 6

Chapter 6 of the Sāṃrājyalakṣmīpīṭhikā. More details of the state religion of the Vijayanagara empire.

atha ṣaṣṭhaḥ paṭalaḥ
pārvatī—

SāṃLaPī__6.1ab:mannātha deśika svāmin & śiva sarvajña śaṅkara
SāṃLaPī__6.1cd: japaprabhedān sāmrājya- & -lakṣmīmantrasya me vada

śrīśivaḥ—

SāṃLaPī__6.2ab: sādhu sādhu varārohe & yan māṃ tvaṃ paripṛcchasi
SāṃLaPī__6.2cd: tat te ‘haṃ saṃpravakṣyāmi & gopyād gopyataraṃ priye
SāṃLaPī__6.3ab: pāpasaṃkṣayam anvicchan & mantravin manunāmunā
SāṃLaPī__6.3cd: kṛtvā saṃpuṭito yan me & garbha ity ṛcam adrije
SāṃLaPī__6.4ab: spṛṣṭvā pūrvoktayantraṃ tat & pāṇinā pratyahaṃ sudhīḥ
SāṃLaPī__6.4cd: sahasrasaṃkhyayā japtvā & sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate
SāṃLaPī__6.5ab: kṛtvaivaṃ maṇḍalaṃ devi & tadante tat sadakṣiṇam
SāṃLaPī__6.5cd: yantraṃ dvijātaye dattvā & svaśaktyā bhojayed dvijān
SāṃLaPī__6.6ab: svayaṃ kartum aśaktaś ced & vipreṇānyena mantravit
SāṃLaPī__6.6cd: dviguṇaṃ kārayitvaivaṃ & pūrvoktaphalabhāg bhavet
SāṃLaPī__6.7ab: śatrūccāṭanam anvicchan & mantreṇānena mantravit
SāṃLaPī__6.7cd: saṃsṛṣṭam ity ṛcaṃ kṛtvā & puṭitāṃ pratyahaṃ priye
SāṃLaPī__6.8ab: sahasrasaṃkhyayā japtvā & śatrūn uccāṭayed dhruvam
SāṃLaPī__6.8cd: pūrvavan maṇḍalānte tu & bhojayed dvijapuṅgavān
SāṃLaPī__6.9ab: bhayarāhityam anvicchan & mantreṇānena mantravit
SāṃLaPī__6.9cd: ṛcaṃ saṃpuṭitāṃ kṛtvā & yadaṃtīty anvahaṃ japan
SāṃLaPī__6.10ab: sahasramaṇḍalād arvāg & bhayebhyo mucyate bhṛśam
SāṃLaPī__6.10cd: rugṇo vāraṇam anvicchan & mantreṇānena mantravit
SāṃLaPī__6.11ab: ṛcaṃ saṃpuṭitām aṅgād & aṅgāl lomna iti priye
SāṃLaPī__6.11cd: kṛtvānvahaṃ japitvemāṃ & sahasraṃ maṇḍalāvadhi
SāṃLaPī__6.12ab: mucyate sarvarogebhyo & rājayakṣmakṣayādibhiḥ
SāṃLaPī__6.12cd: duṣpratigrahasaṃjāta- & -pāpasaṃghapraśāntaye
SāṃLaPī__6.13ab: ṛcaṃ taratsamandīti & kṛtvā saṃpuṭitāṃ japan
SāṃLaPī__6.13cd: sahasram anvahaṃ devi & maṇḍalāvadhi mantravit
SāṃLaPī__6.14ab: ghorapratigrahair jāta- & -pāpebhyo mucyate bhṛśam
SāṃLaPī__6.14cd: parakṛtyābhaye prāpte & mantravin manunāmunā
SāṃLaPī__6.15ab: ṛcaṃ yāṃ kalpayantīti & kṛtvā saṃpuṭitām priye
SāṃLaPī__6.15cd: sahasram anvahaṃ japtvā & mantrīmaṇḍalamātrataḥ
SāṃLaPī__6.16ab: nivārya parakṛtyāṃ tu & jīved varṣaśataṃ naraḥ
SāṃLaPī__6.16cd: piśācagraharakṣobhyaḥ & pīḍyate mānavo yadā
SāṃLaPī__6.17ab: tadānenaiva manunā & kṛtvā saṃpuṭitām ṛcam
SāṃLaPī__6.17cd: piśaṅgabhṛṣṭimam iti & japitvānvaham adrije
SāṃLaPī__6.18ab: sahasramaṇḍalād arvāg & rakṣobhir mucyate grahaiḥ
SāṃLaPī__6.18cd: apamṛtyubhaye prāpte & mantreṇānena mantravit
SāṃLaPī__6.19ab: ṛcaṃ triyambakam iti & kṛtvā saṃpuṭitāṃ priye
SāṃLaPī__6.19cd: sahasram anvahaṃ japtvā & maṇḍalānte maheśvaram
SāṃLaPī__6.20ab: pañcāmṛtaiḥ pañcagavyair & abhiṣicya śubhair jalaiḥ
SāṃLaPī__6.20cd: sahasranāmabhir nandi- & -proktair abhyarcya śaṅkaram %Ref. to Nandistotra
SāṃLaPī__6.21ab: nivedayitvā naivedyam & apamṛtyuṃ vijitya saḥ
SāṃLaPī__6.21cd: āyuṣmān rūpavān vāgmī & bhaved atra na saṃśayaḥ
SāṃLaPī__6.22ab: corāgniripusaṃgrāma- & -durgādibhaya āgate
SāṃLaPī__6.22cd: anena manunā mantrī & devi saṃpuṭitām ṛcam
SāṃLaPī__6.23ab: kṛtvā durgeṣu viṣama & iti pratyaham ādarāt
SāṃLaPī__6.23cd: sahasraṃ maṇḍalaṃ japtvā & corāgniripusaṃkaṭāt
SāṃLaPī__6.24ab: bhukto bhavati cārvaṅgi & nātra kāryā vicāraṇā
SāṃLaPī__6.24cd: śarīrabalam anvicchan & mantreṇānena mantravit
SāṃLaPī__6.25ab: ṛcaṃ saṃpuṭitāṃ kṛtvā & balaṃ dhehi tanūṣv iti
SāṃLaPī__6.25cd: sahasraṃ pratyahaṃ japtvā & maṇḍalāvadhi pārvati
SāṃLaPī__6.26ab: balaṃ mahad avāpnoti & japasyāsya prabhāvataḥ
SāṃLaPī__6.26cd: vṛṣṭikām astv anenaiva & mantreṇa manuvittamaḥ
SāṃLaPī__6.27ab: ṛcaṃ varṣaṃ tu ta iti & kṛtvā saṃpuṭitāṃ japan
SāṃLaPī__6.27cd: sahasramaṇḍalād ārvāṅ & mahatīṃ vṛṣṭim āpnuyāt
SāṃLaPī__6.28ab: āyuṣkām astv anenaiva & mantreṇa puṭitām ṛcam
SāṃLaPī__6.28cd: śataṃ jīvety anudinaṃ & kṛtvā japtvā sahasrakam
SāṃLaPī__6.29ab: mantrīmaṇḍalamātreṇa & jīved varṣaśataṃ priye
SāṃLaPī__6.29cd: evaṃ dvādaśadhā devi & japabhedāḥ prakīrtitāḥ
SāṃLaPī__6.30ab: sāṃrājyalakṣmīmantrasya & kim anyac chrotum icchasi


ity ākāśabhairavākhye mahāśaivatantre sāmrājyalakṣmīpīṭhikāyāṃ sāṃrājyalakṣmīmantrajapabhedasvarūpakathanaṃ nāma ṣaṣṭhaḥ paṭalaḥ ||

Updated Teckit RomDev

Moved the file to http://github.com/somadeva/RomDev:

An updated version of my earlier RomDev.map file that supports Prakrit. You can use diaereses (gaa = gaä) and breves (only initial short e and o for now, e.g. ĕttha etc. ) and tildes to mark prosodically short nasalisations (e.g. tāĩ vs. tāiṃ or tāïṃ).

; TECkit mapping for Unicode romanised Skt. to DN conversion
;Updated March 23, 2010 9:53:03 PM EDT

LHSName "UNICODE"
RHSName "UNICODE"

Define NUL U+007F

pass(Unicode)

UniClass [LTR] = ( U+0100 U+0101 'i' 'I' U+012A U+012B 'u' 'U' U+016A U+016B U+1E5A U+1E5B U+1E5C U+1E5D 'E' 'e' 'Ai' 'ai' 'O' 'o' 'Au' 'au' U+1E36 U+1E37 U+1E38 U+1E39 U+1E42 U+1E43 U+1E24 U+1E25 'K' 'k' 'Kh' 'kh' 'G' 'g' 'Gh' 'gh' U+1E44 U+1E45 'C' 'c' 'Ch' 'ch' 'J' 'j' 'Jh' 'jh' 'Ñ' 'ñ' U+1E6C U+1E6D 'U+1E6C h' 'U+1E6D h' U+1E0C U+1E0D 'U+1E0C h' 'U+1E0D h' U+1E46 U+1E47 'T' 't' 'Th' 'th' 'D' 'd' 'Dh' 'dh' 'N' 'n' 'P' 'p' 'Ph' 'ph' 'B' 'b' 'Bh' 'bh' 'M' 'm' 'Y' 'y' 'R' 'r' 'L' 'l' 'V' 'v' U+015A U+015B U+1E62 U+1E63 'S' 's' 'H' 'h' )

UniClass [rMedVow] = ( U+0100 U+0101 'I' 'i' U+012A U+012B 'U' 'u' U+016A U+016B U+1E5A U+1E5B U+1E5C U+1E5D 'E' 'e' U+0114 U+0115 'Ai' 'ai' 'O' 'o' U+014E U+014F 'Au' 'au' U+1E36 U+1E37 U+1E38 U+1E39 U+1E42 U+1E43 U+1E24 U+1E25 )

UniClass [rCons] = ( 'k' 'K' 'kh' 'Kh' 'G' 'g' 'Gh' 'gh' U+1E44 U+1E45 'C' 'c' 'Ch' 'ch' 'J' 'j' 'Jh' 'jh' 'Ñ' 'ñ' U+1E6C U+1E6D 'U+1E6C h' 'U+1E6D h' U+1E0C U+1E0D 'U+1E0C h' 'U+1E0D h' U+1E46 U+1E47 'T' 't' 'Th' 'th' 'D' 'd' 'Dh' 'dh' 'N' 'n' 'P' 'p' 'Ph' 'ph' 'B' 'b' 'Bh' 'bh' 'M' 'm' 'Y' 'y' 'R' 'r' 'L' 'l' 'V' 'v' U+015A U+015B U+1E62 U+1E63 'S' 's' 'H' 'h' )

;initial vowels

'a' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0905
'a' / 'a'_ <> U+0905
'A' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0905
U+00E4 <> U+0905; ä
U+00E4 <> U+0905; Ä
U+0100 / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0906
U+0101 / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0906
'i' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0907
'I' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0907
U+00EF <> U+0907; ï
U+00CF <> U+0907; Ï
U+0129 / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0907 U+0901; i + candrabindu
U+012A / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0908
U+012B / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0908
'u' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0909
'U' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0909
U+00FC <> U+0909; ü
U+00DC <> U+0909; Ü
U+016A / ^[rCons] _ <> U+090A
U+016B / ^[rCons] _ <> U+090A
U+1E5A / ^[rCons] _ <> U+090B;initial Ṛ
U+1E5B / ^[rCons] _ <> U+090B
U+1E5C / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0960;initial Ṝ
U+1E5D / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0960
U+1E36 / ^[rCons] _ <> U+090C;initial Ḷ
U+1E37 / ^[rCons] _ <> U+090C
U+1E38 / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0961;initial Ḹ
U+1E39 / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0961
'e' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+090F
'E' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+090F
U+0114 / ^[rCons] _ <> U+090D
U+0115 / ^[rCons] _ <> U+090D
'ai' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0910
'Ai' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0910
'o' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0913
'O' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0913
U+00F5 / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0913 U+0901; o + candrabindu
U+014E / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0911
U+014F / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0911
'au' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0914
'Au' / ^[rCons] _ <> U+0914

;non-final consonants

'k' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0915
'K' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0915
'kh' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0916
'Kh' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0916
'g' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0917
'G' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0917
'gh' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0918
'Gh' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0918
U+1E44 / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0919
U+1E45 / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0919
'C' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091A
'c' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091A
'ch' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091B
'Ch' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091B
'J' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091C
'j' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091C
'Jh' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091D
'jh' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091D
'ñ' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091E
'Ñ' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091E
U+1E6C / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091F
U+1E6D / _ [rMedVow] <> U+091F
U+1E6C 'h' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0920
U+1E6D 'h' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0920
U+1E0C / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0921
U+1E0D / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0921
U+1E0C 'h' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0922
U+1E0D 'h' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0922
U+1E46 / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0923
U+1E47 / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0923
't' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0924
'T' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0924
'th' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0925
'Th' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0925
'D' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0926
'd' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0926
'Dh' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0927
'dh' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0927
'N' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0928
'n' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0928
'P' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092A
'p' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092A
'Ph' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092B
'ph' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092B
'B' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092C
'b' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092C
'Bh' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092D
'bh' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092D
'M' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092E
'm' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092E
'Y' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092F
'y' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+092F
'R' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0930
'r' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0930
'L' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0932
'l' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0932
'V' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0935
'v' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0935
U+015A / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0936
U+015B / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0936
U+1E62 / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0937
U+1E63 / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0937
'S' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0938
's' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0938
'H' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0939
'h' / _ [rMedVow] <> U+0939

;medial vowels

U+0101 <> U+093E ;ā
'i' <> U+093F ;i
U+0129 <> U+093F U+0901; i + candrabindu
U+012B <> U+0940 ;ī
'u' <> U+0941 ;u
U+016B <> U+0942 ;ū
U+1E5B <> U+0943 ;ṛ
U+1E5D <> U+0944 ;ṝ
'e' <> U+0947 ;e
'ai' <> U+0948 ;ai
'o' <> U+094B ;o
U+00F5 <> U+094B U+0901; o + candrabindu
'au' <> U+094C ;au
U+1E37 <> U+0962 ;ḷ
U+1E39 <> U+0963 ;ḹ
U+1E43 <> U+0902 ;ṃ
U+1E25 <> U+0903 ;ḥ

U+0061 U+1E43 / [rMedVow] _ <> U+0905 U+0902 ;Vaṃ
U+0061 U+1E43 / U+0061 _ <> U+0905 U+0902 ;aaṃ
U+0061 U+1E25 / [rMedVow] _ <> U+0905 U+0903 ;Vaḥ
U+0061 U+1E25 / U+0061 _ <> U+0905 U+0903 ;aaḥ

U+0061 U+1E43 / ^[rMedVow] _ <> U+0902 ;aṃ
U+0061 U+1E43 / ^U+0061 _ <> U+0902 ;aṃ
U+0061 U+1E25 <> U+0903 ;aḥ

;final cons

'k' <> U+0915 U+094D
'kh' <> U+0916 U+094D
'g' <> U+0917 U+094D
'gh' <> U+0918 U+094D
U+1E45 <> U+0919 U+094D
'c' <> U+091A U+094D
'ch' <> U+091B U+094D
'j' <> U+091C U+094D
'jh' <> U+091D U+094D
'ñ' <> U+091E U+094D
U+1E6D <> U+091F U+094D
U+1E6D 'h' <> U+0920 U+094D
U+1E0D <> U+0921 U+094D
U+1E0D 'h' <> U+0922 U+094D
U+1E47 <> U+0923 U+094D
't' <> U+0924 U+094D
'th' <> U+0925 U+094D
'd' <> U+0926 U+094D
'dh' <> U+0927 U+094D
'n' <> U+0928 U+094D
'p' <> U+092A U+094D
'ph' <> U+092B U+094D
'b' <> U+092C U+094D
'bh' <> U+092D U+094D
'm' <> U+092E U+094D
'y' <> U+092F U+094D
'r' <> U+0930 U+094D
'l' <> U+0932 U+094D
'v' <> U+0935 U+094D
U+015B <> U+0936 U+094D
U+1E63 <> U+0937 U+094D
's' <> U+0938 U+094D
'h' <> U+0939 U+094D

;avagraha and daṇḍa

U+02BC <> U+093D ;styled apostrophe
U+2019 <> U+093D ;styled apostrophe
U+0027 <> U+093D ;unstyled apostrophe
U+002F U+002F <> U+0965 ;double daṇḍa
U+002F <> U+0964 ;single daṇḍa

;numerals

U+0030 <> U+0966 ; 0
U+0031 <> U+0967 ; 1
U+0032 <> U+0968 ; 2
U+0033 <> U+0969 ; 3
U+0034 <> U+096A ; 4
U+0035 <> U+096B ; 5
U+0036 <> U+096C ; 6
U+0037 <> U+096D ; 7
U+0038 <> U+096E ; 8
U+0039 <> U+096F ; 9

pass(Unicode)

UniClass [dCons] = ( U+0915 .. U+0939 )

[dCons]=D 'a' <> @D ;strips the -a off consonants
[dCons]=D 'A' <> @D ;strips the -A off consonants

Pākadarpaṇa 1

% Mahārājanalaviracitam
% Pākadarpaṇam

% \B = "Pâkadarpanam by Mahârâja Nala",
% Kashi Sanskrit Series no. 1, pākavibhāge saṃkhā 1,
% ed. Vâmâcharana Bhattâchârya, Benares 1915
% \C = "Pākadarpaṇam of Mahārāja Nala",
% ed. Vāmācaraṇa Bhaṭṭācārya with the Mādhurī Hindi Commentary by Indradeva Tripāṭhī,
% Varanasi, vi. saṃ. 2040.
[[Seems to be a reprint with some erroneous emendations]]

ekākī naiṣadhaḥ prāpya & kadācit kalināśanaḥ |
ṛtuparṇasya nagarīṃ & rājānam idam abravīt ||1||
svadeśaṃ hi parityajya & bāhukākhyo 'ham āgataḥ |
aśvānāṃ vāhane rājan & pṛthivyāṃ nāsti matsamaḥ ||2||
arthajñānasya caivāhaṃ & draṣṭavyo naipuṇena ca |
annasaṃskāram api ca & jānāmi piśitasya ca ||3||

% pañcavidhabhojanasya bhedāḥ, classification of the five kinds of food
% 1) bhakṣya, 2) bhojya, 3) lehya, 4) coṣya, 5) peya
% \cf Suśrutasaṃhitā 6.65.40 lists four kinds of food: caturvidhaṃ cānnam upadiśyate bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ lehyaṃ peyam iti
% \cf Bhagavadgītā 15.14d: pacāmy annaṃ caturvidham ||
% \cf Harivaṃśa 60.12ab: bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ ca peyaṃ ca tat sarvam upanīyatām |
% \cf Mahābhārata 1.119.043d@073_0010 bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ ca peyaṃ ca coṣyaṃ lehyaṃ tathaiva ca
% \cf Mahābhārata Śāntiparvan 12.184.16A: api cātra mālyābharaṇavastrābhyaṅgagandhopabhoganṛttagītavāditra- śrutisukhanayanābhirāmasaṃdarśanānāṃ prāptir bhakṣyabhojyapeyalehyacoṣyāṇām abhyavahāryāṇāṃ vividhānām upabhogaḥ svadāravihārasaṃtoṣaḥ kāmasukhāvāptir iti
% \cf Mahābhārata Śāntiparvan 12.158.11ab: bhakṣyaṃ bhojyam atho lehyaṃ yac cānyat sādhu bhojanam
% \cf Mahābhārat Indices, (after 1.119.30ab, K4 N B D ins. (cf. No. 73 below): 01_071_0001 bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ ca peyaṃ ca coṣyaṃ lehyam athāpi ca
% \cf Rāmāyaṇa 2.044.015a bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ ca peyaṃ ca lehyaṃ cedam upasthitam(NB: in light of the following, consider emending the weak cedam to coṣyam)
% \cf Rāmāyaṇa 2.085.017c bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ ca coṣyaṃ ca lehyaṃ ca vividhaṃ bahu

bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ tathā lehyaṃ & coṣyaṃ peyaṃ payogatam |
bhedaṃ rasānāṃ ṣaṇṇāṃ ca & śuddhasaṃskārabhedataḥ ||4||
sarveṣāṃ vyañjanānāṃ ca & saṃskāraṃ lavaṇādibhiḥ |
ebhir vinā ca toyaiś ca & citrapākaṃ rasāvaham ||5||
yāni śilpāni loke 'smin & yac cānyad api durlabham |
mayā kṛtarasaḥ kiṃ ca & sudhātubhyaś ca durlabhaḥ ||6||

% diseases that are avoided

bhujyate yena yatnena & tasyārogyaṃ bhaved dhruvam |
vātajaṃ pittajaṃ rogaṃ & śleṣmajaṃ hanti sarvadā |
sakṛnniṣevaṇenaiva & tripuraṃ tryambako yathā ||7||
ajīrṇadoṣād utpannaṃ & jvaraṃ māheśvarādikam |
hṛdrogaṃ rājayakṣmādi- & -rogaṃ śūlādikaṃ tathā||8
bhagandarātisāraṃ ca & saṃnipātādikaṃ tathā |
ityevamādikam sarvaṃ% \var{ityevamādikam\lem \B, ittham evādikaṃ \C} & rogajālaṃ nihanti saḥ ||9||
sarvaṃ yatiṣye tat kartum & ṛtuparṇa bharasva mām |
ity uktvā vasatīṃ cakra% \var{cakra\lem \em, cakre \B\C} & ṛtuparṇasya veśmani ||10

% origin of pākaśāstra

taṃ kadā cit samāhūya & sa rājā rājasattamaḥ |
etāḥ kalāḥ kuto labdhās & tvam asmākaṃ vada priyam ||11||
śrutvā tadvacanaṃ sādhus & tad vaktum upacakrame |
śṛṇu rājendra vidyāyā & nidānaṃ mama tattvataḥ ||12||
svayaṃvarārthaṃ vaidarbhyāḥ & samāyātāḥ sureśvarāḥ |
aham apy āgatas tatra & dṛṣṭyā dṛṣṭaś ca taiḥ pathi ||13||
mām ūcus tatra vai devā & vañcanārtham idaṃ vacaḥ |
asmān va puruṣavyāghra & yathā bhaimī variṣyati ||14|
tathā kuru batety ukte & svasti te 'stv iti cābruvan |
dūtarūpaṃ samābhṛtya & māmakārthī yathārthataḥ |
te naiṣadhaṃ samālokya & varān dadur anuttamān ||15

% Indrādilokapālapradattavaranirūpaṇam
% the boons given to Nala by the gods

adṛśyasiddhiṃ prathamam & indras tuṣṭo ‘dadāt svayam |
tato havvirbhujaḥ prādād & agnisiddhiṃ nirindhanīm ||16
tato ‘nnarasasiddhiś ca & sūryaputraś ca laukikim |
varuṇo jalasiddhiṃ ca & vinā yatnena sattama ||17
iti vidyāḥ surā te tu & dattvā nijapadaṃ yayuḥ |
iti tasya vacaḥ śrutvā & rājā ta[ṃ] vismito ‘vadat ||18
iyaṃ tv alaukikī vidyā & tvadgatā naradurlabhā |
ato narahitārthāya & nidarśanamukhena tām ||19
darśanaṃ kuru tattvena & dṛṣṭeḥ kautūhalaṃ hi naḥ |
ity uktavati rājendre & naiṣadhaḥ punar abravīt ||20

% nalena svanirmitagranthaviṣayavarṇanam
% the purpose and nature of the work

asminn arthe mayākāri & grantho lokahitāya ca |
lokapālaprasādena & pākadarpaṇanāmataḥ ||21 %title of work: Pākadarpaṇa
tasyāvalokanenaiva & dṛśyante vividhāḥ kriyāḥ |
sūdasya lakṣaṇam tāvad & vakṣye saṃkṣepataḥ prabho ||22

% sūdasya lakṣaṇam
% the cook

svadeśasaṃbhavo prājñaḥ & sarvalakṣaṇalakṣitaḥ |
sadācārasamāyukto & viśiṣṭakulasaṃbhavaḥ ||23
śānto dānto dānaśīlo & rājapūjyo śucismitaḥ |
svadāranirataḥ śuddhaḥ & paradāravivarjitaḥ ||24
mitabhāṣī sadā dātā & dayāluś ca subhāṣitaḥ |
dhātujño deśakālajño & vayovasthādivid budhaḥ ||25

% pariveśakasya lakṣaṇaṃ vidhiś ca
% the waiter

prakṣālya caraṇau hastau & kṛtaśaucavidhis tadā |
saṃpūrṇakāmo niṣṭhātmā & rājabhojanakālavit ||26
rājñaś cāvasaraṃ jñātvā & pākādīṃś ca pradāpayet |
yadā pathyaṃ bhaved rājñaḥ & krameṇa prakṣipec ca tān ||27

% granthasyopakramaṇikā
% table of contents

odanasya prabhedo ‘tra & prathamaṃ kathyate mayā |
dvitīyaṃ sūpabhedaś ca & sarpiṣaś ca tṛtīyakam ||28
vyañjanasya ca bhedaś ca & caturthaḥ saprapañcakaḥ | % \em, sa prapañcakaḥ \B pañcamo māṃsaśāko ‘tra & saprabhedaś ca kathyate ||29
ṣaṣṭo ‘tra bhakṣyabhedaś ca & saptamaḥ pāyasasya ca |
rasāyanaś cāṣṭamo ‘tra & navamaḥ pānabhedataḥ ||30
daśamaṃ yūṣabhedaś ca & ghṛtādyannaprabhedakaḥ |
ekādaśaś ca lehyasya & bhedo dvādaśakas tathā ||31
trayodaśaṃ tu pānīyaṃ & kṣīrabhedaś caturdaśaḥ |
dadhibhedaḥ pañcadaśaḥ & ṣoḍaśaḥ takrabhedakaḥ ||32
ṣoḍaśo mukhyabhedaś ca & dṛṣṭāntena pradarśitaḥ |
mṛgyo ‘vāntarabhedaś ca & tatra tatra mahaddhiyā ||33
tatra tatra yathāyogyo & vādas tu kathito mayā |
pānīyanāmadeśe hi & pānīyasya samudbhavaḥ ||34
punaś citraṃ ca kathitaṃ & pāyasaṃ cāmlasaṃbhavam |
evamādīni citrāṇi & kāryāṇi vividhāni ca ||35
pākotthitāny apākāni & kartavyāni manīṣibhiḥ |
kim atra bahunoktena & yuktaṃ caikaṃ śṛṇu prabho ||36
yasmin kāle deśakāle & dayābhāvo hi bhūmipa |
tathā tasminu upāyena & kathitas tasya samṃbhavaḥ ||37

% annasya prāśastyanirūpaṇam
% praise of food

sarveṣāṃ prāṇināṃ prāṇam & annaṃ prathamam ucyate |
brahmarūpam idaṃ samyak & triṣaṣṭirasarūpakam ||38
doṣāṣṭakena rahitam & āhared annam uttamam |

% annagatadoṣāṇāṃ vivecanam

doṣasvarūpam ajñātvā & tadrāhityaṃ kathaṃ labhet ||39
anindyatvād adoṣatvād & doṣo nāsti tadāśrayaḥ |
ato ‘ṣṭarūpo doṣo hi & nāsty atra śrutimānataḥ ||40

% anne ‘ṣṭadoṣasaṃbhavanirūpaṇam
% the eight defects: 1) asṛta, 2) picchila, 3) aśuci, 4) kvathita, 5) śuṣka, 6) dagdha, 7) virūpa, 8) anṛtuja

vidyate hy aṣṭadoṣo hi & pratyakṣeṇa pramādataḥ |
ke te doṣāḥ sadāviṣṭāḥ & pratyakṣeṇa balīyasā ||41
iti praśnakṛte j[ñ]ātum & uttaraṃ jyeṣṭhamānataḥ |
ye te tadāśritā doṣā & asṛtaḥ picchilo ‘śuciḥ ||42
kvathitaḥ śuṣkato dagdho & virūpo nartujas tathā |
svarūpalakṣaṇaṃ caiṣāṃ & kathyate kramaśo guṇam ||43

% annagatadoṣavicārasya prayojananirūpaṇam

kiṃ tasya hāsarūpasya & vicārasya prayojanam |
payastvāt tyajyate sadbhir & dravatve tu viśāradaiḥ ||44
idaṃ sadoṣaṃ nirdoṣam & idaṃ ceti vivekitum |
vikārārthaṃ na doṣeṇa & yuktadravyaṃ prayatnataḥ ||45
kiṃ tv aduṣṭavaśaṃkartur & etad eva prayojanam |
annasya nāsti vā doṣā & na bhavanti kadācana ||46
te tasya saṃbhavanty eva & pācakasya pramādataḥ |
krameṇa vakṣye doṣāṇām & aṣṭāṇāṃ lakṣaṇaṃ guṇam ||47

% 1) asṛtānnalakṣaṇaṃ doṣāś ca

aśrāvitayavāguṃ yad & annam asṛtam ucyate |
tad annaṃ yena bhuktaṃ cet & tasya vyādhikaraṃ bhavet ||48

% 2) paicchilānnasya lakṣaṇaṃ doṣāś ca

annam āśrayate jīrṇam & atipākena paicchilam |
tad bhaktaṃ bhujyate yena & taṃ tyajed audaro ‘nalaḥ ||49

% 3) aśucyannasya lakṣaṇaṃ doṣāś ca

kṛmikeśādisaṃyuktaṃ & yad annam aśuci smṛtam |
tadbhakṣaṇād arucīrasanā sravate jalam ||50 %metrical problem, yatibhraṣṭa

Verner’s law

Verner’s law 1 Verner’s law 2 Verner’s law 3

upāstiḥ

Kīrtikaumudī 1.6:
Sarasvatīṃ sadā vande &
  yadupāstiṃ samucchritāḥ /
kāvyāni kusumānīva &
  suvate kavipādapāḥ //

Ever I worship
  the Goddess of Speech ⁛ river Sarasvatī.
Poet-trees
  absorbed ⁛ raised
  in her worship ⁛ presence
sprout poems
  as if they were flowers.

cakrāṇi vaktum upakramate 1

The account of the cakras in the Saṃgītaratnākara of Śārṅgadeva Edited by Pandit S. Subrahmanya Sastri, revised by Smt. S. Sarada, Adyar Library and Research Centre, Madras, second edition 1992. This is a dateable, significant passage for the history of the evolution of the system of seven cakras. Makoto Kitada has been working on this material for a while (and will hopefully continue), see: ‘Embryology, Ascetism and Music: Yājñavalkyasmṛti and Saṅgītaratnākara,’ in Traditional South Asian Medine, 7 (2003), Das, Rahul Peter (ed.). Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden pp. 111–113.

1. ādhāra

Between the anus and genitals is the ādhāracakra. It has four petals. In these four petals, arranged in the intermediate points of the compass, are located four blisses (ānanda): [1] “supreme bliss” in the north-east, [2] “innate bliss” in the south-east, [3] “hero bliss” in the south-west, [4] “union bliss” in the north-west. Kuṇḍalinī resides in this lotus structure. When she is raised to the cranial aperture she bestows liberation.

SaṃRa_2.120ab: gudaliṅgāntare cakram & ādhārākhyaṃ caturdalam /
SaṃRa_2.120cd: paramaḥ sahajas tadvad & ānando vīrapūrvakaḥ //
SaṃRa_2.121ab: yogānandaś ca tatra syād & aiśānādidale phalam /
SaṃRa_2.121cd: asti kuṇḍalinī brahma&śaktir ādhārapaṅkaje //
SaṃRa_2.122ab: ā brahmarandhram ṛjutāṃ & nīteyam amṛtapradā /

Kallinātha: gudaliṅgāntara iti / guḍaliṅgayor madhye sthitasyādhāracakrasyaiśānādidalacatuṣṭaye janmakāle jīvasthityā paramānandādayaḥ phalāni / ādhārapaṅkaje tasminn evādhāracakre / kuṇḍalinīty anvarthatayā sarparūpiṇī brahmaśaktiḥ, brahmaṇo 'saṅgodāsīnasya paramātmanaḥ kartṛtvādyupahitākārakāriṇy avidyāśaktiḥ / saiva mūrtimayī kuṭilākāratayā kuṇḍalinīty ucyate / ā brahmarandhraṃ, brahmarandhraṃ nāma suṣumnāyā agraṃ śirasi sahasradalacakramadhyagaṃ, tatparyantam / ṛjutāṃ nīteti / gurūpadiṣṭaprakāreṇa yamaniyamādikrameṇa vāyor iḍāpiṅgalayoḥ saṃcāraṃ nirudhya tena vāyunā savaninā brahmagranthau suṣumnāmūlarandhragranthīnāṃ kuṇḍalinīphaṇam apasārya tatra praveśitena tena brahmaviṣṇurudragranthīnāṃ kramād bhede sati kuṇḍalinī svārjavād brahmarandhravinirgatena svavālāgreṇa sudhādhāraṃ sahasradalacakraṃ vibhidya tato 'mṛtaṃ drāvayatīti tathoktā //

Siṃhabhūpāla: evam aṅgapratyaṅgāny uktvā cakrāṇi vaktum upakramate—gudaliṅgāntara iti / guḍaliṅgayor antare madhya ādhārasaṃjñakaṃ cakraṃ caturdalaṃ padmākāram āste / tasya catūrṇāṃ dalānāṃ phalaṃ kathayati—parama iti / aiśānadale paramānanda āgneyadale sahajānandaḥ, nairṛtadale vīrānandaḥ, vāyavyadale yogānandaḥ / tataś cādhārakamalasya vidiksthitāny eva catvāri dalānīti labhyate / astīti / kuṇḍalinīsaṃjñikā brahmaśaktiḥ, brahmaprāptikāraṇatvāt, ādhārapaṅkaje vidyate / seyam ābrahmarandhraṃ brahmarandhraparyantam ṛjutāṃ nītā satī amṛtapradā mokṣapradā //

2. svādhiṣṭhāna

At the “root” (base) of the genitals is located the six-petalled svādhiṣṭhānacakra (Kallinātha adds that it is six finger-breadths above the ādhāracakra). In its petals, beginning with the east (subjectively the front) are found: [1] modesty, [2] cruelty, [3] destruction of pride, [4] stupefaction, [5] disrespect [6] suspicion. [As Siṃhabhūpāla explains, this means that when the soul rests in these respective petals it takes on these respective states (tatrāvasthita ātmā praśrayavān bhavatītyarthaḥ)]. This cakra is the abode of the power of infatuation.

SaṃRa_2.122cd: svādhiṣṭhānaṃ liṅgamūle & ṣaṭpatraṃ cakram asya ca //
SaṃRa_2.123ab: pūrvādiṣu daleṣv āhuḥ & phalāny etāny anukramāt /
SaṃRa_2.123cd: praśrayaḥ krūratā garva&nāśo mūrcchā tataḥ param //
SaṃRa_2.124ab: avajñā syād aviśvāsaḥ & kāmaśakter idaṃ gṛham /

Kallinātha: svādhiṣṭhānam iti / ādhāracakrād ūrdhvaṃ liṅgamūle svādhiṣṭhānākhyaṃ ṣaḍaṅgulaṃ dvitīyaṃ cakram / tasya pūrvādidaleṣu kramāt praśrayādīni phalāny āha—asya ceti / avajñā syād iti / dharmaparo 'yaṃ nirdeśaḥ //

Siṃhabhūpāla: svādhiṣṭhānasaṃjñitaṃ cakraṃ kathayati—svādhiṣṭhānam iti / ṣaṭpatraṃ ṣaḍdalaṃ kamalākāram / etasya ṣaṇṇāṃ dalānāṃ phalāni kathayati—asya ceti / praśrayo vinayaḥ pūrvadigavasthitasya dalasya phalam / tatrāvasthita ātmā praśrayavān bhavatītyarthaḥ / krūratā duṣṭakarmābhiniveśaḥ / garva ātmotkarṣabhāvanam, tasya nāśaḥ / mūrcchā mohādhikyam / avajñāvagaṇānā / aviśvāsaḥ sarvatra saśaṅkatvam anāśvāso vā / idaṃ svādhiṣṭhānacakraṃ kāmotpattikāyāḥ śakter gṛham āśrayaḥ //

Gaṇacakram

Vikramaśīla Workshop. 

http://jasas.info/2012-09-05%20news1.html

http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/news/upimg2009/VikramasilaWorkshop2012.pdf

“Think like the few, speak like the many” (Gaufrei de Vinsauf)

“There are some people who wish to learn, but not to work or to suffer study and pain. That is the way of a cat: it wants a fish but does not want to go fishing. I do not speak to them, but only to any there may be whom the labor of getting knowledge rejoices as much as the knowledge itself does.”

Gaufrei de Vinsauf

Poetria Nova of Geoffrey of Vinsauf. Trans. Margaret F. Nims. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1967.*

Geoffrey of Vinsauf, Poetria nova (c. 1210 AD) trans. Jane Baltzell Kopp, in Three Medieval Rhetorical Arts ed. James J. Murphy (Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press, 1971).

शास्त्रसद्भावः

कृत्स्नं हि शास्त्रमिदमिन्द्रियजयः ।

मार्गदेशीविचारः ३

The following is a description of India and the deśī (vernacular) languages spoken in various polities. More on the placement of Prākrits etc. later. It is taken from the tenth chapter of the Bhāvaprakāśana of the 12th century Kashmirian author Śāradātanaya:

The land of Bhāratavarṣa measures 9000 yojanas from Adam’s bridge, Rama’s bridge or Nala’s bridge (or whatever is the currently acceptable designation for the island bridge linking India and Śrīlaṅkā) to the Himalayas:

deśo bhāratavarṣākhyo & navasāhasrayojanaḥ
ā setor ā himagirer & āyāmaḥ parikīrtitaḥ/


Decrease of inhabited area (from north to south) out of fear from encroaching snow (a quasi-ice-age paranoia) as cyclical time progresses:


tāraḥ pūrvāparādyantaḥ & saptasāhasrayojanaḥ
vasanti martyāḥ sarvatra & prāpte kṛtayuge sukham/
tretāyuge dvāpare ca & himākrāntibhayāj janāḥ
pādaṃ pādaṃ visṛjyaite & śrayante dakṣiṇāpatham/
yojanānāṃ sahasre dve & sapañcāśacchatadvayam

In the Kali age humans walk the earth, yakṣas, vidyādharas, siddhas, gandharvas, maharṣis sport with their wives in the uttarāpatha:


prāpte kaliyuge martyāś & caranti vasudhātale/
yakṣā vidyādharāḥ siddhā & gandharvāś ca maharṣayaḥ
krīḍanti strīgaṇaiḥ sārdham & uttarāpathabhūmiṣu/
asya bhāratavarṣasya & caturtho dakṣiṇāpathaḥ
catuḥṣaṣṭibhidābhinno & nānājanapadāśrayaḥ/

List of 64 lands. This passage seems defective, I cannot make it 64 without further MS evidence, Kārūśa and Yavana seem to be repeated:


[1]pāṇḍyāḥ [2]sakeralāś [3]colāḥ & [4]sindhu[5]siṃhala[5]pāmarāḥ
[6]kaliṅga[7]yavana[8]mleccha&[9]pārasīka[10]śakāhvayāḥ/
[11]gauḍa[11]lāṭa[12]vidarbhāś ca & [13]kāmarūpa+[14]āndhra[15]koṅkaṇāḥ
[16]karṇāṭa[17]suhya[18]kāmbhoja&[19]hūṇa[20]kārūśa[21]gurjarāḥ/
sa[22]saurāṣṭra[23]mahārāṣṭra&[24]himmīra[25]āvanty[26]anūpajāḥ
[27]aṅgā [28]vaṅgāś ca [29]vaṅgālāḥ & [30]kāśī[31]kosala[32]maithilāḥ/
[33]kirāta[34]vardhraka+[35]āraṭṭa&[36]kuru[37]pāñcāla[38]kekayāḥ
[39]auḍhra[40]māgadha[41]sauvīra&[42]daśārṇa[43]magadhāhvayāḥ/
[44]nepāla[45]jaina[46]bāhlīka&[47]pallava[48]kratha[49]kaiśikāḥ
s{u}[a][50]śūrasenakājāna&[51]kārūśa[52]yavanādayaḥ/
[53]yadavaś [54]cakra[55]kurava&[56]pārvatīyāḥ sa[57]haimanāḥ
[58]kāśmīra[59]maru[60]k{e}[o]ṅkāṇa&[61]nagrāś ca saha[62]maṅkaṇāḥ/
mahendraduhitus setor & ete madhyam upāśritāḥ
ete ‘ṣṭādaśabhir bhāṣā&bhedair vyavaharanti ca/


18 deśī languages.

tā bhāṣās teṣu keṣāñ cid & deśānāṃ nāmābhiḥ kṛtāḥ
[1] dramiḍāḥ [2] kannaḍa+[3]āndhrāś ca & [4]hūṇa[5]himmīra[6]siṃhalāḥ/
[7]pallavā [7]yavanā [8]jaināḥ & [9]pārvatīyāḥ sa[10]pāmarāḥ
[11]kaṣa[12]vardhraka[13]kāmbhoja&[14]śaka[15]nagrāḥ sa[16]vākaṭāḥ/
ete 'ṣṭādaśabhāṣāṇām & āśrayāḥ saha[17]koṅkaṇāḥ
etā bhāṣāś ca sarvatra & [18] mlecchabhāṣety udāhṛtāḥ/
tattaddeśeṣu saṅgītaṃ & tattadbhāṣābhir anvitam
deśīti deśikam api & kathayanti manīṣiṇaḥ/

Some unusual saṃketas

In paricchedas 5–11 of the Nāgarasarvasva of Padmaśrī (ca. 1100–1300 A.D.), a work on erotics, is preserved an elaborate code-language of conventions (saṃketa) designed entirely to facilitate the management of clandestine love-affairs. These conventions are of six kinds: [1.] bhāṣāsaṅketa, [2.] aṅgasaṅketa, [3.] poṭalīsaṅketa, [4.] vastrasaṅketa, [5.] tāmbūlasaṅketa, [6.] puṣpamālāsaṅketa, sarvasaṅketakathana. Here is the aṅgasaṅketa, which allows two concerned parties to state their interest and fix place and time of an assignation by means of innocuous looking hand-gestures. Click for more...

So far I have consulted the following sources for this text:
1) Nāgarasarvasva Wellcome Inst. Q 20 II. 131-B, ff. 102, Nepalese yellow paper, Nevar lipi.
2) Nāgarasarvasvam of Mahāmati Padmaśrī with the commentary of Jagajjyotirmalla, ed. Babulal Shukla Shastri, Delhi 1994.
3) Lienhard, Siegfried: Observations concerning a Buddhist text on erotics: the Nāgarasarvasva of Padmaśrī. In: CAJ 23(1979), S. 96–103.


Nāgarasarvasva 6 with the Commentary of Jagajjyotirmalla:

6.1ab: kṣemapraśne karṇalatā& kathitā kathane 'pi sā /
6.1cd: kacadaṃśas tu kāmārttāv & uraḥ snehe śiro 'rcane // 1//

kṣemapraśne kuśalapraśne karṇalatā hastena sparśanīyā, sā karṇalatā kathane api kathitā / kāmārttā kacadaṃśaḥ keśaḥ sparśanīyaḥ, snehe uraḥ vakṣaḥsthale sparśanīyam / ete patākayā kāryāḥ /

6.2ab: madhyamā 'vasarapraśne& tarjanīpṛṣṭhayojitā /
6.2cd: avasare 'ñjalir jñeya& āhvāne kuñcitāṅguliḥ // 2//

avasarapraśne madhyamāṅgulī tarjanīpṛṣṭhayojitā / avasare sati añjalir jñeyaḥ āhvāne ākāraṇe sa eva añjaliḥ viparītaḥ kuñcitāṅguliḥ /

6.3ab: aṅguṣṭhatarjanīmadhyāḥ& pūrvadakṣiṇapaścimāḥ /
6.3cd: uttarā 'nāmikā ceti& diśo jñeyā anukramāt // 3//

pūrve aṅguṣṭhaḥ, dakṣiṇe tarjanī, paścime madhyamā, uttare anāmikā, evaṃ krameṇa catasro diśaḥ jñeyāḥ /

6.4ab: kaniṣṭhamūlam ārabhya& rekhāḥ pañcadaśa kramāt /
6.4cd: aṅguṣṭhasyordhvarekhāntaḥ& smṛtāḥ pratipadādiṣu // 4//

kaniṣṭhāmūlaṃ ārabhya aṅguṣṭhasya ūrdhvarekhāntaṃ aṅguliṃ prati rekhātrayaṃ kramāt pañcadaśa rekhāḥ bhavanti, tena pratipadādyāḥ pañcadaśa tithayo bhavanti /

6.5ab: śukle vāmakare jñeyā& asite dakṣiṇe kare /
6.5cd: yad yat spṛśanti kāminyas& tasyārthe nipuṇaḥ sma //5

śuklapakṣe vāmakare rekhā kartavyā / kṛṣṇapakṣe dakṣiṇakare rekhā kartavyā / kāminyaḥ yad yat spṛśanti tat sthānaṃ nipuṇaṃ sma // iti aṅgasaṅketam //

मार्गदेशीविचारः २

Another definition of mārga and deśī music this time from the Saṃgītaratnākara of Śārṅgadeva Edited by Pandit S. Subrahmanya Sastri, revised by Smt. S. Sarada, Adyar Library and Research Centre, Madras, second edition 1992. Click for more...

[saṃgītalakṣaṇam]

saṃgīta comprises three things: gīta (song), vādya (instrumental music) and nṛtta (dance):

SaṃRa_1.21cd: gītaṃ vādyaṃ tathā nṛttam & trayaṃ saṃgītam ucyate

[mārgadeśīvibhāgaḥ]

It is divided twofold, into mārga, “classical” and deśī “regional”:

SaṃRa_1.22ab: mārgo deśīti tad dvedhā & tatra mārgaḥ sa ucyate

Mārga was “sought after” or “perceived” (mārgito) by Viriñca (=Brahmā) and employed by Bharata etc.:

SaṃRa_1.22cd: yo mārgito viriñcādyaiḥ & prayukto bharatādibhiḥ
SaṃRa_1.23ab: devasya purataḥ śambhor & niyatābhyudayapradaḥ

Kallinātha ad loc: mārgita iti “mārga anveṣane” ity asmād dhātoḥ karmaṇi niṣṭhāyāṃ rūpam / mārga iti tu tasmād eva dhātoh karmaṇi ghañantam /
Siṃhabhūpāla ad loc: mārgito 'nveṣito dṛṣtaḥ /

SaṃRa_1.23cd: deśe deśe janānāṃ yad & rucyā hṛdayarañjakam
SaṃRa_1.24ab: gītaṃ ca vādanaṃ nṛttaṃ & tad deśīty abhidhīyate

Kallinātha ad loc: deśaśabdena tatratyā janā lakṣyante, tair yatheccham kriyamānāyāṃ gītādikriyāyāyām ācāryakṛtā saṃjñā /

[teṣāṃ prādhānyavicāraḥ]

Vocal music is predominant as instrumental music and dance follow it:

SaṃRa_1.24cd: nṛttaṃ vādyānugataṃ proktaṃ & vādyaṃ gītānuvarti ca
SaṃRa_1.25ab: ato gītaṃ pradhānatvād & atrādāv abhidhīyate

Friedrich Rückert’s “Anrufung Śiva’s”

I chanced upon a volume of Friedrich Rückert’s (1788–1866) “virtuoso” translation of the Amaruśataka in the Berkeley University Library and could not resist spending some time reading through it. Rückert seems largely forgotten by posterity, most will probably only be familiar with a few of Rückert’s (allegedly jinxed) Kindertotenlieder set by Mahler. Click for more...

On the face of it, Rückert’s attempt to write German translations imitating the metrical patterns of Sanskrit is so fantastic that one is indeed tempted simply to repeat the unkind slur based on his name (verrückert!) and forget about the matter. But in fact, some of his verses struck me as being rather brilliant. The non-casual reader, familiar with the original Sanskrit, will probably concede that this translation of the famous second maṅgala verse of the Amaruśataka is really quite successful:

2. Anrufung Śiva’s

Der weggeschleudert and die Hand sich hangende,
Zurückgestoßen schmiegende sich ans Gewand,
Haar fassend weggedrängte, Fuß-umfangende,
Nicht mehr gesehen dann, weil die Besinnung schwand;
Der von den Mädchen Tripura’s mit Schaudermut
Umarmend abgeschüttelte, mit Tränenflut
Zurückgewiesne Werber, ungedämpfter Glut,
Verbrenn er eure Sünden, Śiva’s Rohrpfeilbrand!

सांराज्यलक्ष्मीपीठिका ३५ उपसाललक्षणम् ॥

(Sāṃrājyalakṣmīpīṭhikā 35: upasālalakṣaṇam) The short thirty-fifth chapter (paṭala) of the Sāṃrājyalakṣmīpīṭhikā describes the construction of the “secondary wall” (upasāla) and moat beyond the main wall (sāla). It seems this is intended as a subsection of the koṣṭhadurga. This type of fortress is perhaps best not called a “hall-fortress” but rather a “walled-compound-fortress”. Click for more...

atha pañcatriṃśaḥ paṭalaḥ

upasālalakṣaṇam

pārvatī—
SāṃLaPī_1.1ab: śiva sarvajña bhagavaṃl & lokarakṣaṇatatpara
SāṃLaPī_1.1cd: svarūpam upasālasya& vada me 'dya dayānidhe

śrīśivaḥ—
SāṃLaPī_1.2ab: śṛṇu devy upasālasya & vakṣyāmi tava sādaram
SāṃLaPī_1.2cd: lakṣaṇaṃ śilpaśāstrokta&mārgeṇa śubhalakṣaṇe

A space of twenty cubits (= 9 meters) beyond the sāla is left clear:
SāṃLaPī_1.3ab: pūrvoktasālāt parito & bahirdeśe samantataḥ
SāṃLaPī_1.3cd: viṃśaddhastamitāṃ bhūmiṃ & tyaktvā pūrvavad eva hi

Then another wall is built, complete with merlons and a moat. The wall measures eight cubits (3.6 meters) in height. It is furnished with many watchtowers (aṭṭāla):
SāṃLaPī_1.4ab: aṣṭahastāyataṃ śṛṅga&paṅktyā vapreṇa śobhitam
SāṃLaPī_1.4cd: upasālaṃ kalpayitvā & bahvaṭṭālasamanvitam

Beyond this secondary wall a space of three cubits (1.5 meters) is left clear. Then a rampart (parighā) is built (1 kara = breadth of 24 thumbs):
SāṃLaPī_1.5ab: tatas tasyopasālasya & paritaḥ padmalocane
SāṃLaPī_1.5cd: hastatrayamitāṃ bhūmiṃ & tyaktvātha kaṭisūtravat
SāṃLaPī_1.6ab: tadbahirviṃsatikara&nimnāṃ tāvat karāyatām
SāṃLaPī_1.6cd: parighāṃ kārayitvātha & bandhayet tattaṭadvayam
SāṃLaPī_1.7ab: śilābhir iṣṭakābhir vā & tasya dārḍhyatvasiddhaye

Gates in the cardinal points:
SāṃLaPī_1.7cd: evaṃ sālaṃ vinirmāya & dikṣu dvārāṇi kārayet
SāṃLaPī_1.8ab: kecit sālatrayaṃ kheya & trayam icchanti bhūmipāḥ
SāṃLaPī_1.8cd: atyasādhyatvasiddhyartham & etad durgasya bhāmini
SāṃLaPī_1.9ab: ity evam upasālasya & kathitaṃ mayā
SāṃLaPī_1.9cd: saṅgraheṇa tavāparṇe & kim anyac chrotum icchasi

ityākāśabhairavākhye mahāśaivatantre sāmrājyalakṣmīpīṭhikāyām upasālasvarūpanirūpaṇaṃ nāma pañcatriṃśaḥ paṭalaḥ ||

मार्गदेशीविचारः १

The evolution of the categories of mārga and deśī has interested me for some time now, so I will post some relevant sources. Incidentally, it demonstrates that the idea of a “vernacular” is actually one of considerable antiquity in Sanskrit śāstric discourse (more on this later).

Here is what remains of the first chapter of the Bṛhaddeśī of Mataṅgamuni, as reedited by Prem Lata Sharma assisted by Anil Bihari Beohar, IGNCA, New Delhi 1992. Sharma’s text is occasionally heavily, and in my opinion unnecessarily, emended (no new MS evidence was used) to remove any trace of Purāṇic or Aiśa syntax, sandhi etc. Therefore I add the TSS 92 readings on the lines immediately following. The missing opening section might have contained a formal definition of what Mataṅga understood by mārga. Click for more...

prathamo ’dhyāyaḥ

...lacuna of one folio...

deśīprakaraṇam

[mataṅga uvāca]

nānāvidheṣu deśeṣu & jantūnāṃ sukhado bhavet
tataḥ prabhṛti lokānāṃ & narendrāṇāṃ yadṛcchayā
deśe deśe pravṛtto ’sau & dhvaner deśīti saṃjñitaḥ

[granthakṛt]

mataṅgasya vacaḥ śrutvā & nārado munir abravīt

[nārada uvāca]

nanu dhvanes tu deśītvaṃ & kathaṃ jātaṃ mahāmune ?
amūrtatvāc ca tasyeti & satyaṃ me vaktum arhasi
TSS: amūrtatvāc ca teṣāṃ hi & iti me vaktum arhasi
mataṅga uvāca

yathādeśānubhūtatvād & dhvaneḥ sthānānugatvataḥ
TSS: yathānubhūtadeśāc ca & dhvaneḥ sthānānugād api
...lacuna?...
tato bindus tato nādas & tato mātrās tv anukramāt
varṇas tu mātṛkodbhūtā & mātṛkā dvividhā matāḥ
svaravyañjanarūpeṇa & jagajjyotir ihocyate
svaryate deśabhāṣāyāṃ & kādikṣāntaṃ yathāvidhi
TSS: svaryate deśabhāṣāyām & ādikṣāntaṃ yathāvidhi
tena svarāh samākhyātā & anye ṣaḍjādayaḥ svarāḥ
vyañjanatvaṃ tu sarveṣu & kādivargeṣu saṃsthitam
TSS: vyañjanatvaṃ tu sarveṣāṃ & kādivargeṇa saṃsthitam
śaktyabhivyaktimātreṇa & vyajjanaṃ śivatām gatam
padavākyasvarūpeṇa & vākyārthavahanena yat
varṇayanti jagat sarvaṃ & tena varṇāḥ prakīrtitāḥ
TSS: varṇā yatra jagat sarvaṃ & tena varṇāḥ prakīrtitāḥ
varṇapūrvakam etad dhi & padaṃ jñeyaṃ sadā budhaiḥ
padais tu nirmitaṃ vākyaṃ & kriyākārakasaṃyutam
tato vākyān mahāvākyaṃ & vedāḥ sāṅgā hy anukramāt
vyaktās te dhvanitah sarve & tato gāndharvasaṃbhavaḥ
dhvanir yoniḥ parā jñeyā & dhvaniḥ sarvasya kāraṇam
ākrāntaṃ dhvaninā sarvaṃ & jagat sthāvarajaṅgamam
dhvanis tu dvividhaḥ prokto & vyaktāvyaktavibhāgataḥ
varṇopalambhanād vyakto & deśīmukham upāgataḥ

iti deśyutpattiḥ

[deśīmārgalakṣaṇam]

abalābālagopālaiḥ & kṣitipālair nijecchayā
gīyate yānurāgeṇa & svadeśe deśir ucyate
TSS: gīyate sānurāgeṇa & svadeśe deśir ucyate
nibaddhaś cānibaddhaś ca & mārgo ’yaṃ dvividho mataḥ
TSS: nibandhaś cānibandhaś ca & mārgo ’yaṃ dvividho mataḥ
ālāpādinibaddho yaḥ & sa ca mārgaḥ prakīrtitaḥ
TSS: āplāpādinibandho yaḥ & sa ca mārgaḥ prakīrtitaḥ \var{or: \conj alpālāpanibaddho yaḥ}
evaṃprakārā deśīyaṃ & jñjātavyā gītakovidaiḥ
TSS: evaṃprakāro deśī yaḥ & jñātavyā gītakovidaiḥ
evam etan mayā proktaṃ & deśyā utpattilakṣaṇam

iti deśīlakṣaṇam

Sāhib Kaul's Śyāmāpaddhati

Continuing the post of Tuesday, April 04, 2006.

1.20ab: hṛdaye mātaraḥ kaṇṭhe & śiraḥ pīṭhopapīṭhayoḥ
1.20cd: cibuke yasya devāś ca & tasya śrīpādukāsmṛtiḥ
1.21ab: yajñāḥ kapolayugme ca & jihvāgre ca sarasvatī
1.21cd: yasya danteṣu mantrāś ca & tasya śrīpādukāsmṛtiḥ
1.22ab: skandhe ca khecarā devā & netre ca tejasāṃ trayam
1.22cd: liṅgatrayaṃ lalāṭe ca & tasya śrīpādukāsmṛtiḥ
1.23ab: iḍāpiṅgalayor antar & gaṅgā ca yamunā tathā
1.23cd: madhye sarasvatī yasya & tasya śrīpādukāsmṛtiḥ
1.24ab: śuklaraktapadadvandvaṃ & mastake yasya rājate
1.24cd: śāṃbhavaṃ ca tayor madhye & tasya śrīpādukāsmṛtiḥ
1.25ab: guruḥ śivo gurur viṣṇur & gurur brahmā guruḥ paraḥ
1.25cd: gurur agnir gurur mantro & bhānur indras tathaiva ca
1.26ab: anyat sarvaṃ saprapañcaṃ & niṣprapañcā guroḥ stutiḥ
1.26cd: tasmāc chrīpādukādhyānaṃ & sarvapāpanikṛntanam
1.27ab: pālanād duritacchedāt & kāmitārthaprapūraṇāt
1.27cd: pādukāśabdamātrārthaṃ & vimṛṣan mūrdhni pūjayet
1.28ab: iti śāstrārthasaṅketa&rahasyaṃ kulaśāsane \testim{\cf Kulārṇava 12}
1.28cd: śaktyullāsavaśād uktam & asmābhir gurvanugrahāt
1.29ab: śrīguro<ḥ> pādukāstotraṃ & prātar utthāya yaḥ paṭhet
1.30a: naśyaṃ\fol{3\recto}

Pālitta meets Hāla Sātavāhana

From the Pādaliptaprabandha of Rājaśekharasūri Śrīrājaśekharasūriviracitaś caturviṃśatiprabandhāparanāmā Prabandhakośaḥ, ed. Jina Vijaya, Singhi Jaina Series 6, Ahmedabad 1931.

§5.22. atha Śrīpādaliptācāryāḥ Pratiṣṭhānapuraṃ dakṣiṇāśāmukhabhūṣaṇaṃ Godāvarītaraṅgajjalakaṇahṛtapānthaśramabharaṃ jagmuḥ / tatra Sātavāhano rājā viduṣāṃ yodhānāṃ dānaśauṇḍānāṃ bhogināṃ ca prathamaḥ /

§5.22. Next the illustrious Pālitta went to the city of Pratiṣṭhāna, the face-ornament of the guardian [Goddess] of the Southern quarter, which dispelled the weariness of travellers with spray from the turbulent water of the Godāvarī river. There ruled the Sātavāhana king, foremost among the learned, the heroes of charity, the men of luxury.

Click for more...

tasya sabhāyāṃ vārtābhūd, yathā—Pādaliptācāryāḥ sarvavidyāvanitāvadanaratnadarpaṇāḥ samāgacchanti prātaḥ / tataḥ sarvaiḥ paṇḍitaiḥ sambhūya styānaghṛtabhṛtaṃ kaccolakam arpayitvā nijaḥ puruṣa eka ācāryāṇāṃ sammukhaḥ preṣitaḥ / ācāryair ghṛtamadhye sūcy ekā kṣiptā; tathaiva ca pratipreṣitaṃ tat /

There was a rumour in his court, that the teacher Pālitta, a jewelled hand-mirror for the muses of all of the sciences, will arrive in the morning. Then all of the scholars conferred and sent one from their midst to meet the teacher with a kaccolaka filled with congealed ghee. The teacher stuck a single needle into the ghee and sent it back.

rājñā sa vṛttānto jñātaḥ / paṇḍitāḥ pṛṣṭāḥ—ghṛtapūrṇakaccolakapreṣaṇena vaḥ ko bhāvaḥ ?

The king learnt of this event. He asked the scholars: “In sending the kaccolaka full of ghee, what was your intention?’’

tair uktam evam etan nagaraṃ viduṣāṃ pūrṇaṃ āste, yathā ghṛtasya vartulakam; tasmād vimṛśya preṣṭavyam iti bhāvas naḥ /

They replied: “Our intention was this: ‘This city is this full of wise men, just like this ball of ghee, so consider this and move on.’ ’’

rājñā nigaditam—tarhy ācāryaceṣṭāpi bhavadbhir jñāyatām /—yathā nirantare 'pi ghṛte nijatīkṣṇatayā sūcī praviṣṭā, tathāham api vidvannibiḍe nagare pravekṣyāmi—iti dadhvanuḥ /

The king said: “Then you also understand the teacher’s gesture.’’ They answered: “Just as a needle may enter even into dense ghee through its sharpness, so I may enter into this city crowded with scholars.’’

paṇḍitāḥ sarve rājendro 'pi saṃmukhaṃ gatāḥ / surasarillaharihariṇyā vāṇyā tuṣṭuvuḥ / nagaramānito guruḥ / NirvāṇakalikāPraśnaprakāśādiśāstrāṇi sandadarbha / ekāṃ ca Taraṅgalolāṃ nāma campūṃ rājño 'gre navāṃ nirmāya sadasi vyācakhye prabhuḥ / tuṣṭo rājā—bhavaty ayaṃ kavīndraḥ /

All the scholars and even the king went out to greet the teacher. They praised him with words as enthralling as ripplets on the celestial river Ganges. The guru was fêted by the city. He composed treatises such as the “Bud of Enlightenment” and the “Illumination of the Questions” etc. He also composed a Campū-style poem called the “The Play of the Wave” and read it out before the king in the assembly. The king was delighted: “He is a prince among poets!”